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Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is the term for severe birth defects caused by alcohol use during pregnancy.

Children who have FAS may have:

  • Distinctive facial features, which include a small head, a flat face, narrow eye openings, a short upturned nose, a flattened groove between the nose and the upper lip (philtrum), and a thin upper lip.
  • Low birth weight and slowed growth.
  • Central nervous system problems, including small head size, poor fine motor skills, or poor eye-hand coordination.
  • Behavior and thinking (cognitive) problems, which may include poor attention, concentration, memory, and comprehension skills; difficulty with math skills; hyperactivity; and extreme mood changes.

A child who has FAS may also have birth defects that involve the eyes, ears, heart, urinary tract, or bones.

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